Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Icelandic
hross
←
Proto-Germanic
*hrussą
(inherited)
←
Old Norse
hross
(inherited)
→
English
horse
(cognate)
→
Old Swedish
russ
(cognate)
→
Icelandic
hrossakjöt
(compound)
→
Icelandic
hrossafluga
(affix)