Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Icelandic
hagl
←
Danish
hagl
(cognate)
←
Proto-Germanic
*haglaz
(derived)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*kagʰlos
(derived)
←
Old Norse
hagl
(derived)
→
Icelandic
háll
(mention)
→
Icelandic
haglabyssa
(affix)
→
Icelandic
haglél
(compound)