Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Icelandic
grey
←
Faroese
groyggj
(cognate)
←
Proto-Germanic
*grawją
(derived)
←
Old Norse
grey
(derived)
→
English
greyhound
(cognate)