Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Icelandic
frost
←
Old Norse
frost
(derived)
→
English
frost
(cognate)
→
German
Frost
(cognate)
→
Icelandic
frostpinni
(affix)