Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Icelandic
fat
←
Proto-Germanic
*fatą
(inherited)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*pod-
(derived)
←
Old Norse
fat
(inherited)
→
English
vat
(cognate)
→
Cimbrian
bass
(cognate)
→
Icelandic
fataskápur
(compound)
→
Luxembourgish
Faass
(cognate)