Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Icelandic
banani
←
Danish
banan
(borrowed)
←
English
banana
(derived)
←
Spanish
banana
(cognate)
←
Portuguese
banana
(cognate)
←
Wolof
banaana
(derived)
→
Icelandic
bananahýði
(compound)
→
Icelandic
bananalýðveldi
(affix)