Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Icelandic
ós
←
Old English
ōr
(cognate)
←
Proto-Germanic
*ōsaz
(inherited)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*h₃éh₁os
(inherited)
←
Latin
ōs
(cognate)
←
Old Norse
*óss
(inherited)
→
Icelandic
árós
(compound)