Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Proto-Indo-European
*pro
→
English
prior
(mention)
→
English
prothesis
(derived)
→
Scottish Gaelic
ro
(inherited)
→
Latin
prior
(mention)