Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Proto-Indo-European *mergʷ-

→ English murk (derived)
→ English murk (derived)
→ English murk (derived)
→ English morca (derived(en/gl))
→ Scottish Gaelic meirg (derived)
→ Galician mero (derived)
→ Ancient Greek μαυρός (inherited)
→ Proto-Albanian marrtë (inherited(sqj-pro/sq))
→ Proto-Albanian marrtë (inherited(sqj-pro/sq))