Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Proto-Indo-European
*meǵh₂s
→
English
majesty
(cognate)
→
English
mega-
(derived)
→
English
Majesty
(derived)
→
Dutch
mega-
(derived)