Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Proto-Indo-European
*kēl-
→
English
challenge
(derived)
→
Old English
hol
(derived)
→
Proto-Germanic
helan
(derived(gem-pro/ang))