Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Proto-Indo-European
*h₁élḱis
→
English
elk
(inherited)
→
Westrobothnian
älg
(derived)
→
Swedish
älg
(derived)