Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Proto-Indo-European
*gag-
→
Arabic
كعك
(cognate)
→
Ancient Greek
Γίγας
(derived)
→
Albanian
gogël
(inherited)