Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Proto-Indo-European
*denǵʰ-
→
Old English
tungol
(derived)
→
Russian
радуга
(mention)
→
Ukrainian
райдуга
(mention)