Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Proto-Indo-European
*(H)rewH-
→
Icelandic
rýja
(inherited)
→
Latin
ruo
(derived)
→
Russian
рыть
(derived)