Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Proto-Indo-Aryan
*baHźʰúṣ
→
Indonesian
bahu
(derived)
→
Malay
bahu
(derived)
→
Sanskrit
बाहु
(inherited)