Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥tHwíH

→ Old Persian 𐎱𐎼𐎰𐎺 (derived)
→ Sanskrit पृथ्वी (inherited)
→ Sanskrit पृथिवी (inherited)