Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Proto-Indo-Iranian
*Hánćas
→
Finnish
osa
(derived)
→
Pali
aṃsa
(inherited)
→
Sanskrit
अंश
(inherited)