Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćapʰás

→ Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬟𐬀 (inherited)
→ Arabic سنبك (derived)
→ Persian سم (inherited)
→ Sanskrit शफ (inherited)
→ Old Armenian սմբակ (derived)