Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Ancient Greek
Ἀστυάγης
←
Ancient Greek
ἄστυ
(mention)
←
Ancient Greek
ἄγνυμι
(mention)
←
Ancient Greek
-αγης
(mention)
←
Old Armenian
Աժդահակ
(cognate)
←
Old Median
*R̥štivaigah
(borrowed)
→
English
Astyages
(derived)
→
Ancient Greek
Ἀστυΐγας
(mention)
→
Latin
Astyages
(borrowed)