Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Ancient Greek
κέφᾰλος
→
Greek
κέφαλος
(inherited)
→
Latin
cephalus
(derived)
→
Polish
cefal
(derived)