Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Old High German sin-
Proto-Germanic *sin- (inherited)
Proto-West Germanic *sin- (inherited)
Proto-Indo-European *sem- (derived)

Old English sin- (cognate)
Danish syndflod (mention)
German Sintflut (mention)
Old High German sinhiwun (affix)