Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Proto-West Germanic
*arg
→
English
argh
(inherited)
→
Old English
earg
(inherited)
→
Middle English
argh
(inherited)
→
Dutch
erg
(inherited)