Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Galician
xear
←
Spanish
helar
(cognate)
←
Latin
gelo
(inherited)
←
Portuguese
gelar
(cognate)
→
Galician
axear
(prefix)
→
Portuguese
gear
(cognate)