Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Galician
vencer
←
Proto-Indo-European
*weyk-
(derived)
←
Proto-Italic
*winkō
(inherited)
←
Latin
vincere
(inherited)
←
Latin
vincō
(mention)
←
Old Portuguese
vencer
(inherited)