Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Galician
roubar
←
English
rob
(cognate)
←
Spanish
robar
(cognate)
←
Proto-Germanic
*raubōną
(derived)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*Hrewp-
(derived)
←
Portuguese
roubar
(cognate)
←
Old Portuguese
roubar
(inherited)
→
Galician
roubo
(back-formation)