Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Galician
parvo
←
Proto-Indo-European
*ph₁w-
(derived)
←
Latin
parvus
(inherited)
←
Latin
parvulus
(mention)
←
Portuguese
parvo
(cognate)
→
Galician
parvada
(suffix)
→
Galician
aparvar
(suffix)
→
Portuguese
parvo
(cognate)