Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Galician
nó
←
English
knot
(cognate)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*gnod-
(derived)
←
Latin
nōdus
(inherited)
←
Old Portuguese
noo
(inherited)
→
Galician
noelo
(suffix)