Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Galician
granxa
←
Old French
grange
(borrowed)
←
Latin
grānum
(derived)
←
Old Portuguese
grangia
(mention)
→
Galician
gran
(link)
→
Galician
graña
(doublet)