Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Galician
estalar
←
Spanish
estallar
(cognate)
←
Latin
astulla
(derived)
←
Latin
assula
(mention)
←
Latin
assis
(mention)
←
Portuguese
estalar
(cognate)
←
Old Portuguese
estalar
(inherited)
→
Galician
estoupar
(mention)
→
Galician
estalo
(back-formation)