Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Galician
chaga
←
Spanish
llaga
(cognate)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*plak-
(derived)
←
Latin
plāga
(inherited)
←
Latin
plangō
(mention)
←
Portuguese
chaga
(cognate)
←
Old Portuguese
chaga
(inherited)
→
Portuguese
chaga
(cognate)