Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Proto-Germanic *kustōną

→ English costen (inherited)
→ English costning (derived)
→ Old English costian (derived)
→ German kosten (inherited)
→ Mòcheno kostn (inherited)
→ Old Norse kosta (inherited)
→ Polish kosztować (derived)