Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Proto-Germanic *iwwiz

→ English you (derived)
→ Alemannic German öi (inherited)
→ Alemannic German üüch (inherited)
→ Dutch u (inherited)
→ Dutch a (inherited)
→ Dutch jou (inherited)
→ Old Saxon gi (inherited)
→ Old Saxon iu (inherited)