Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Proto-Germanic *graftuz

→ Middle Dutch gracht (inherited)
→ West Frisian grêft (inherited)
→ Icelandic gröftur (derived)
→ Norwegian Bokmål grøft (inherited)
→ Norwegian Bokmål grøftefyll (inherited)
→ Dutch gracht (inherited)
→ Norwegian Nynorsk grøft (inherited)
→ Old Norse grǫftr (inherited)
→ Old Norse grǫptr (inherited)