Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Proto-Germanic *aruts

→ Afrikaans erts (derived)
→ German Erz (inherited)
→ Alemannic German Ärzt (inherited)
→ Luxembourgish Äerz (inherited)
→ Dutch erts (derived)