Proto-Germanic *-ingaz

→ English -ing (inherited)

→ English Fleming (mention)

→ English -ling (derived)

→ Old English -ing (inherited)

→ Catalan -enc (derived)

→ Middle English -ing (inherited)

→ French boulanger (derived)

→ Galician reguengo (derived)

→ Icelandic -ingur (inherited)

→ Italian -ingo (derived)

→ Latin Hasdingi (derived)

→ Dutch -ing (inherited)

→ Dutch Doetinchem (cognate)

→ Old Norse -lingr (mention)

→ Old Norse -ingr (inherited)

→ Portuguese -engo (derived)

→ Swedish -ing (inherited)