Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Scottish Gaelic
ruith
←
Proto-Celtic
*reteti
(inherited)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*Hret-
(derived)
←
Old Irish
reithid
(inherited)
→
Scottish Gaelic
ath-ruith
(prefix)
→
Scottish Gaelic
ruith-chunntas
(affix)
→
Scottish Gaelic
eadar-ruitheach
(affix)