Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
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Scottish Gaelic ogha
Proto-Celtic *pavio-s (inherited)
Proto-Indo-European *peh₂u- (derived)
Old Irish úa (inherited)

English oe (borrowed)
Scottish Gaelic co-ogha (prefix)
Scottish Gaelic ban-ogha (prefix)
Scottish Gaelic iar-ogha (prefix)
Scots oe (borrowed)