Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Scottish Gaelic
margadh
←
Icelandic
markaður
(cognate)
←
Latin
mercātus
(derived)
←
Old Norse
markaðr
(derived)
←
Old Irish
margad
(inherited)
←
Old Irish
marggad
(mention)
→
Scottish Gaelic
aon-mhargadh
(prefix)