Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Scottish Gaelic
màthair
←
Proto-Celtic
*mātīr
(inherited)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*méh₂tēr
(inherited)
←
Old Irish
máthir
(inherited)
→
Scottish Gaelic
àrd-mhàthair
(prefix)
→
Scottish Gaelic
leas-mhàthair
(prefix)
→
Scottish Gaelic
màthaireil
(affix)