Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
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Scottish Gaelic is
Scottish Gaelic agus (clipping)
Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (derived)
Old Irish is (inherited)

Scottish Gaelic Malaidhis (suffix)
Scottish Gaelic seadh (affix)
Scottish Gaelic 's e (affix)
Scottish Gaelic iasg is tiops (mention)