Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Scottish Gaelic duineil
← Irish duiniúil (cognate)
← Scottish Gaelic duine (affix)
← Scottish Gaelic -ail (affix)
← Old Irish duinemail (inherited)
← Old Irish duine (cognate)

→ Irish duiniúil (cognate)
→ Scottish Gaelic mì-dhuineil (prefix)