Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
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Scottish Gaelic beus
Proto-Celtic *banssus (inherited)
English bass (borrowed)
Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ- (root)
Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ- (derived)
Old Irish bés (inherited)

Scottish Gaelic mì-bheus (prefix)
Scottish Gaelic ainbheus (prefix)
Scottish Gaelic beusach (affix)
Scottish Gaelic beusachd (suffix)