Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Scottish Gaelic
Lunnainn
←
Old English
Lunden
(borrowed)
←
Irish
Londain
(cognate)
←
Latin
Londīnium
(derived)
→
Irish
Londain
(cognate)