Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Irish
cathaoir
←
Latin
cathedra
(derived)
←
Old Irish
cathaír
(inherited)
→
Irish
cathaoirleach
(mention)
→
Irish
ardchathaoir
(prefix)
→
Scottish Gaelic
cathair
(cognate)