Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Irish
airtríteas
←
English
arthritis
(borrowed)
←
Ancient Greek
ἀρθρῖτις
(derived)
←
Ancient Greek
ἄρθρον
(mention)
→
Irish
oisté-airtríteas
(prefix)