Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Irish
Túdar
←
Proto-Celtic
*Toutorīxs
(derived)
←
Welsh
Tudur
(derived)
←
English
Tudor
(borrowed)
→
Irish
Túdarach
(affix)