Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Old French
quarel
←
Latin
quadrus
(inherited)
→
English
quarrel
(derived)
→
French
carreau
(inherited)
→
French
carreler
(cognate)
→
Norman
carreau
(derived)
→
Polish
karo
(derived)