Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Old French espier

→ English spy (derived)
→ English espy (mention)
→ English espial (cognate)
→ Breton spia (borrowed)
→ Cebuano espiya (derived)
→ French épier (inherited)
→ Old French espie (mention)
→ Norman êpier (inherited)