Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Old French
eschaloigne
←
Latin
ascalōnia
(inherited)
→
English
scallion
(cognate)
→
English
shallot
(derived)
→
Arabic
عسقلان
(cognate)
→
French
échalote
(inherited)
→
Dutch
sjalot
(derived)